The field of medical diagnosis is moving towards more interpretable and trustworthy AI systems. Recent developments have focused on creating frameworks that provide human-readable reasoning and evidence-linked diagnostic reasoning, shifting from passive pattern recognition to active decision-making. This shift is driven by the need for clinically trustworthy AI systems that can provide accurate diagnoses and inform treatment decisions.
Notable papers in this area include:
- A paper presenting RECAP-PATH, a framework that establishes a self-learning paradigm for diagnostic reasoning in pathology, which produced rationales aligned with expert assessment and delivered substantial gains in diagnostic accuracy.
- A paper proposing SkinR1, a novel dermatological vision-language model that combines deep textbook-based reasoning with reinforcement learning, achieving superior diagnostic accuracy on multiple dermatology datasets.
- A paper introducing SkinGPT-R1, a dermatology-focused vision language model that makes diagnostic chain of thought reasoning explicit and verifiable, achieving an average score of 4.031 out of 5 on the DermBench benchmark.