The field of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is rapidly advancing and transforming the landscape of global science. Recent studies have shown that GenAI is being adopted at a rapid pace, particularly among non-English-speaking scientists and those in early career stages. This technology has the potential to mitigate long-standing linguistic inequalities in global science by reducing language barriers and increasing accessibility. Furthermore, the convergence of GenAI and high-performance computing is redefining the frontier of scientific creativity and discovery. However, this convergence also raises concerns about global inequalities in access to computational power and expertise. Noteworthy papers in this area include: Generative AI as a Linguistic Equalizer in Global Science, which provides large-scale evidence that GenAI is beginning to reshape global science communication by reducing language barriers in research. AI-Assisted Writing Is Growing Fastest Among Non-English-Speaking and Less Established Scientists, which finds that GenAI adoption is highest among less-established scientists and those in non-English-speaking countries, and is associated with a modest increase in productivity.