Advancements in Large Language Models' Reasoning Capabilities

The field of large language models (LLMs) is witnessing significant advancements in their reasoning capabilities. Recent developments have focused on improving the models' ability to engage in multi-turn problem-solving, reason abstractly, and provide more accurate and reliable outputs. One key area of research is the use of reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) to enhance LLMs' reasoning abilities. Researchers are also exploring new methods to mitigate the limitations of RLVR, such as the introduction of entropy-aware RLVR approaches and the use of counterfactual reasoning to improve the models' ability to generalize. Furthermore, there is a growing interest in developing more efficient and scalable architectures for LLMs, such as the use of hierarchical reinforcement learning frameworks and the integration of retrieval-augmented generation systems. Notable papers include MiroMind-M1, which introduces a fully open-source RLM that matches or exceeds the performance of existing open-source RLMs, and LEAR, which proposes a method for extracting rational evidence via reinforcement learning for retrieval-augmented generation. Additionally, the paper 'Beyond Binary Rewards: Training LMs to Reason About Their Uncertainty' describes RLCR, an approach to training reasoning models that jointly improves accuracy and calibrated confidence estimation.

Sources

A Simple "Try Again" Can Elicit Multi-Turn LLM Reasoning

MiroMind-M1: An Open-Source Advancement in Mathematical Reasoning via Context-Aware Multi-Stage Policy Optimization

The Invisible Leash: Why RLVR May Not Escape Its Origin

Beyond Isolated Capabilities: Bridging Long CoT Reasoning and Long-Context Understanding

Learning to Extract Rational Evidence via Reinforcement Learning for Retrieval-Augmented Generation

CoLD: Counterfactually-Guided Length Debiasing for Process Reward Models

LAPO: Internalizing Reasoning Efficiency via Length-Adaptive Policy Optimization

Stabilizing Knowledge, Promoting Reasoning: Dual-Token Constraints for RLVR

Hierarchical Budget Policy Optimization for Adaptive Reasoning

Gemini 2.5 Pro Capable of Winning Gold at IMO 2025

From Reasoning to Super-Intelligence: A Search-Theoretic Perspective

Learning Temporal Abstractions via Variational Homomorphisms in Option-Induced Abstract MDPs

Analogy making as amortised model construction

Deliberative Searcher: Improving LLM Reliability via Reinforcement Learning with constraints

Beyond Context Limits: Subconscious Threads for Long-Horizon Reasoning

Beyond Binary Rewards: Training LMs to Reason About Their Uncertainty

Harnessing RLHF for Robust Unanswerability Recognition and Trustworthy Response Generation in LLMs

Revisiting LLM Reasoning via Information Bottleneck

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